Mississippi State University Water Resources Research Institute

Rice

Field experiments, continuous flux monitoring, and process-based modeling across the rice system — improving soil health and water management while mitigating greenhouse-gas emissions.

Greenhouse gas emissions in tailwater-reuse row rice

Abstract

As part of the USDA-NRCS project "How low can you go? Automating tailwater reuse in rice," the lab quantifies greenhouse-gas emissions and global warming potential in continuously flooded versus end-blocked, tailwater-recirculating furrow-irrigated rice.

Period of Performance

2023 - 2027

Funding Agency

USDA-NRCS

Methods

Using static flux chambers and six eddy covariance towers across paired farm sites near Belzoni and Isola, the team measures methane, nitrous oxide, and carbon dioxide, relating emissions to grain yield and irrigation practice and feeding a rice sub-model for USDA COMET-Farm.

Results

Key findings Recirculating tailwater in furrow-irrigated rice reduced methane (CH₄) emissions — without a yield penalty. Seasonal CH₄ was ~76% lower in the furrow-irrigated upper position than in continuously flooded rice, while the lower position ran higher: position within the field matters. Productivity—emission tradeoffs can leave yield-scaled emissions comparable across irrigation systems. One season of static-chamber data (2024) is complete; six flux towers now measure CH₄ and evapotranspiration, with off-season processing producing seasonal CH₄ and ET budgets.